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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vvia</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вопросы всеобщей истории архитектуры</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Questions of the History of World Architecture</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2500-0616</issn><publisher><publisher-name>НИУ МГСУ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22227/2500-0616.2025.24.113-123</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vvia-168</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Архитектура Нового и Новейшего времени</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Architecture of Modern History</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Типология терракотовых храмов Бенгалии на материале средневекового города Кална</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Typology of Terracotta Temples of Bengal, Based on the Medieval City of Kalna</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Терентьева</surname><given-names>М. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Terenteva</surname><given-names>M. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Терентьева Мария Павловна, магистрант; экскурсовод</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Terenteva Maria Pavlovna, magister; guide</p><p>Nikitsky blvd., 12A, bd. 1, Moscow, 119019</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mariiia.tere@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственный академический художественный институт имени В. И. Сурикова; Государственный музей Востока</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow State Academic Art Institute named after V. I. Surikov; State Museum of Oriental Art</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1 (24)</issue><fpage>113</fpage><lpage>123</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Терентьева М.П., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Терентьева М.П.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Terenteva M.P.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vvia.mgsu.ru/jour/article/view/168">https://vvia.mgsu.ru/jour/article/view/168</self-uri><abstract><p>К XVI в. на территории Бенгалии утверждается абсолютно новый тип индуистского храма как по материалам (так называемые «терракотовые храмы»), так и по форме (многоскатные, одно- и многобашенные храмы без привычной башни-шикхары над святилищем). Они стали возникать через несколько столетий после мусульманского завоевания конца XIII в. на территориях индуистских княжеств как способ укрепить свою религию под сильным влиянием мусульманского протектората. Городу Амбика-­Кална на территории бывшего индуистского княжества Бардхаман по разнообразию типов храмовой архитектуры нет равных во всей Бенгалии. В городе сохранились удивительные храмовые вариации, практически не встречающиеся более нигде как на территории Бенгалии, так и в рамках всего полуострова Индостан. Например, сто восемь храмов, объединенных в один комплекс, или храм с двадцатью пятью башнями-­навершиями. Несмотря на храмовое разнообразие, город Кална почти не фигурирует в немногочисленной историографии (в отличие от более известного Бишнупура), но является излюбленным туристическим местом для жителей Колкаты и ее окрестностей. В статье предлагается впервые обратиться к типологии индуистской храмовой архитектуры Бенгалии на материале малоизученного храмового города Кална.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>By the 16th century, a completely new type of Hindu temple was established in Bengal, both in terms of materials (the so-called “terracotta temples”) and in form (multi-pitched, single- and multi-pinnacled temples without the usual shikhara tower above the sanctuary). They began to appear several centuries after the Muslim conquest of the late 13th century in the territories of Hindu principalities as a way to strengthen their religion under the strong influence of the Muslim protectorate. The city of Ambika Kalna in the territory of the former Hindu principality of Bardhaman has no equal in the variety of types of temple architecture in the whole of Bengal. There are amazing temple variations in the city, which are practically not found anywhere else, both in Bengal and throughout the Indian Subcontinent. For example, one hundred and eight temples combined into one complex, or a temple with twenty-five towers-tops. Despite the temple diversity, the city of Kalna almost does not appear in a few historiographies (unlike the more famous Bishnupur), but it is a favorite tourist destination for residents of Kolkata and its surroundings. The article proposes for the first time to address the typology of Hindu temple architecture in Bengal based on the little-studied temple city of Kalna.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>терракотовые храмы</kwd><kwd>Кална</kwd><kwd>Бишнупур</kwd><kwd>храмовый город</kwd><kwd>типология храмов</kwd><kwd>архитектура Бенгалии</kwd><kwd>индуизм</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>terracotta temples</kwd><kwd>Kalna</kwd><kwd>Bishnupur</kwd><kwd>temple city</kwd><kwd>typology of temples</kwd><kwd>Bengali architecture</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Guha, Bandyopadhyay 2017 — Guha S., Bandyopadhyay A. Terracotta Temples of Bengal: A culmination of pre-existing Architectural Styles // Chitrolekha Journal. Vol. 1. No. 1. 2017. P. 46–59.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hoque S., Hoque M. 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