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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vvia</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вопросы всеобщей истории архитектуры</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Questions of the History of World Architecture</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2500-0616</issn><publisher><publisher-name>НИУ МГСУ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22227/2500-0616.2025.25.159-170</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vvia-190</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Архитектура Нового и Новейшего времени</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Architecture of Modern History</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Санта-Фе: рождение образа города. Начало XX – XXI век</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Santa Fe: The  Birth of the  Image of the  City. The Begining of the 20th – 21st Century</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нащокина</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nashchokina</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Нащокина Мария Владимировна, доктор искусствоведения, академик Российской академии архитектуры и строительных наук (РААСН), Почетный член Российской Академии художеств (РАХ); главный научный сотрудник</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nashchokina Maria Vladimirovna, Doctor of Art History, Academician of the Russian Academy of Architecture and Construction Sciences (RAASN), HonoraryMember of the Russian Academy of Arts (RAH); Chief Researcher</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">n_maria53@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-исследовательский институт теории и истории изобразительных искусств РАХ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Institute of Theory and History of Fine Arts of the Russian Academy of Arts</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2 (25)</issue><fpage>159</fpage><lpage>170</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Нащокина М.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Нащокина М.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Nashchokina M.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vvia.mgsu.ru/jour/article/view/190">https://vvia.mgsu.ru/jour/article/view/190</self-uri><abstract><p>Город Санта-Фе, основанный испанцами в 1610 г., является вторым по древности городом США и самым высокогорным. Тысячи лет назад здесь жил народ Anasazi, а с XI в. в окрестных долинах и на горах появилось немало индейских пуэбло (исп. — деревня), враждовавших с кочевыми индейцами: апачами, команчами, навахами и ютами. Несколько пуэбло располагались на месте Санта-Фе. В 1848 г. после успешной войны с испанцами будущие штаты Нью-Мексико и Калифорния были аннексированы США. Толчок к развитию города дала постройка в 1880-х гг. железной дороги, тогда же был сделан его генеральный план. В 1912 г. Санта-Фе стал столицей штата Нью-Мексико.</p><p>Сначала развитие города шло по привычной общеамериканской схеме, в архитектуре использовались все популярные тогда стилизации эклектики. Однако в начале 1900-х гг., благодаря археологу и антропологу Э.Л. Хьюитту (1865–1946), исследователю индейских общин и первому директору Музея Нью Мексико, в городе родился интерес к архитектуре индейских пуэбло. Заинтересовавшись необычной эстетикой индейских жилищ вокруг Санта-Фе, группа историков и архитекторов во главе с Хьюиттом стала катализатором создания нового стиля города. Стилизовать традиционные саманные постройки индейских пуэбло с характерными закругленными углами и плоскими кровлями удалось архитектору Исааку Раппу, с 1909 г. работавшему в Санта-Фе. Он и стал родо­начальником особого стиля города. В 1916–1917 гг. Рапп создал ключевые здания — Музей изобразительных искусств Санта-Фе и школу, ставшие точкой отсчета в трансформации городской застройки в так называемом адоби-стиле, который используется до сих пор благодаря поддержке городских властей и местных дизайнеров. Его применение и сформировало уникальный образ Санта-Фе — города, не похожего на другие.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The South American city of Santa Fe, founded by the Spanish in 1610, is the second-oldest city in the United States and the highest. Thousands of years ago, the Anasazi people lived here, and since the 11th century, many Indian pueblos (Spanish for “village”) have appeared in the surrounding valleys and mountains, fighting with nomadic Indians: Apache, Comanche, Navajo and Utah. Several pueblos were located on the site of Santa Fe. In 1848, after a successful war with the Spanish, the future states of New Mexico and California were annexed by the United States. The construction of a railway in the 1880s gave a boost to the city’s development, and a master plan was created. In 1912, Santa Fe became the capital of the state of New Mexico.</p><p>Initially, the city’s development followed a typical American pattern, with eclectic architectural styles being popular at the time. However, in the early 1900s, thanks to the archaeologist and anthropologist E.L. Hewitt (1865–1946), a researcher of Native American communities and the first director of the New Mexico Museum, interest in Native American pueblo architecture began to emerge in the city. Inspired by the unique aesthetics of Native American dwellings around Santa Fe, a group of historians and architects led by Hewitt became the catalyst for the creation of a new style for the city. The architect Isaac Rapp, who worked in Santa Fe since 1909, managed to stylize the traditional adobe buildings of the Pueblo Indians, with their characteristic rounded corners and flat roofs. He became the founder of the city’s distinctive style. In 1916–1917, Rapp designed key buildings such as the Santa Fe Museum of Art and a school, which served as a starting point for the transformation of the city’s architecture into the so-called adobe style, which is still used today with the support of the city authorities and local designers. Its use has shaped the unique image of Santa Fe, a city unlike any other.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>архитектура Санта-Фе XX–XXI вв.</kwd><kwd>архитектура индейских пуэбло</kwd><kwd>архитекторы И. Рапп и М. Колтер</kwd><kwd>трансформация городской среды в адоби-стиле</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>architecture of Santa Fe 20th – 21st centuries</kwd><kwd>architecture of Native American pueblos</kwd><kwd>architects I. Rapp and M. Colter</kwd><kwd>transformation of the urban environment in the adobe style</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бондаренко 2014 — Бондаренко И.А. Архитектурное единство городской среды: созвучия и диссонансы // ACADEMIA. Архитектура и строительство. 2014. № 3. С. 77–82.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bondarenko I.A. 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