<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vvia</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вопросы всеобщей истории архитектуры</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Questions of the History of World Architecture</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2500-0616</issn><publisher><publisher-name>НИУ МГСУ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.25995/NIITIAG.2021.17.2.015</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">KKJLKA</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vvia-24</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Архитектура Древнего мира и Средних веков</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Ancient and Medieval Architecture</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Порталы раннехристианских церквей Тур Абдина. Восточные модификации античной темы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The portals of the Early Christian churches of Tur ‘Abdin. Oriental modifications of Classical antique theme</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кондратьева</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kondrateva</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кондратьева Анастасия Андреевна, научный сотрудник</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kondrateva Anastasiia, researcher associate </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">antyanetta94@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-исследовательский институт теории и истории архитектуры и градостроительства - филиал ФГБУ «ЦНИИП Минстроя России»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Scientist Research Institute of Theory and History of Architecture and Urban Planning — the branch of the “CNIIP of the Ministry of Construction of Russia”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>12</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2 (17)</issue><fpage>47</fpage><lpage>62</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кондратьева А.А., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кондратьева А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kondrateva A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vvia.mgsu.ru/jour/article/view/24">https://vvia.mgsu.ru/jour/article/view/24</self-uri><abstract><p>В данной статье проводится исследование порталов раннехристианских церквей Тур Абдина IV-VIII вв. и рассматривается проблема модификаций античной темы в архитектурной традиции этой восточной провинции византийского мира. Впервые предлагается типологическая классификация антикизирующих порталов данного региона, которая показывает разнообразие композиций, созданных христианскими зодчими. Типологическая классификация позволила выявить специфические особенности интерпретаций античной темы каждого из трех типов порталов раннехристианских церквей Тур Абдина.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This article conducts the research of the portals of the Early Christian churches of Tur ‘Abdin of the 4th-8th centuries and the problem of oriental modifications of the antique theme is considered.</p><p>A typological classification of antiquating doorways of this region is suggested for the first time and shows the variety of compositions created by Christian architects. The typology given by the author makes it possible to divide the portals into three groups. The classification made it possible to identify the specific features of interpretations of the classical antique theme in each of the three types of doorways of the Early Christian churches of Tur ‘Abdin. The portals of the first group are the simplest in their structure and characterized by asceticism. They consist only of a portal frame, which in some cases was decorated with ornamental carvings, but mostly it was a profiled frame. It exists in all types of doorways in two versions. The first is planar and the second is a perspective interpreted shape. The third group represents the entrance to the church above the frame of which there is a semicircular lunette. In one of the examples of this type the composition of the portal includes two niches with conches, flanking the doorway and framed by pilasters with pseudo-Corinthian capitals.</p><p>The article also makes a search for prototypes for portals and similar forms in the architecture of antique Syria. As a result, it was determined that the citation of doorways’ shapes in the Early Christian architecture of Tur ‘Abdin was full. The change of the proportions of antique examples affected the artistic image of the doorways of churches.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>церкви Тур Абдина</kwd><kwd>порталы</kwd><kwd>античная тема</kwd><kwd>раннехристианская архитектура</kwd><kwd>во- сточные модификации</kwd><kwd>Ближний Восток</kwd><kwd>Северная Месопотамия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>churches of Tur ‘Abdin</kwd><kwd>portals</kwd><kwd>antique theme</kwd><kwd>Early Christian architecture</kwd><kwd>oriental modifications</kwd><kwd>Middle East</kwd><kwd>Northern Mesopotamia</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено в рамках Плана фундаментальных научных исследований Минстроя России и РААСН на 2021 г., тема 1.1.1.1.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Высоцкий А. М. Страны За кавказья и Иран: параллели в архитекту ре в эпоху Сасанидов // Искусство и ар хеология Ирана, II. Т. 2. М.: Наука, 1976. С. 33-49.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Высоцкий А. М. Страны За кавказья и Иран: параллели в архитекту ре в эпоху Сасанидов // Искусство и ар хеология Ирана, II. Т. 2. М.: Наука, 1976. С. 33-49.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Казарян А. Ю. Архитектура стран Закавказья VII века. [В 4 т.]. Т. 1. М.: Локус Станди, 2012.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Казарян А. Ю. Архитектура стран Закавказья VII века. [В 4 т.]. Т. 1. М.: Локус Станди, 2012.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cаинян А. А. Архитектура античных сооружений Гарни. Ереван: Советакан грох, 1983.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cаинян А. А. Архитектура античных сооружений Гарни. Ереван: Советакан грох, 1983.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Якобсон А. Л. Закономерности в развитии средневековой архитектуры. Л.: Наука, 1985.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Якобсон А. Л. Закономерности в развитии средневековой архитектуры. Л.: Наука, 1985.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bell G. The Churches and Monasteries of the Tur Abdin // Amida / Ed. by M. Van Berchem, J. Strjigowsky. Heidelberg: Carl Winters Universitätsbuchhandlung, 1910. P. 224-261.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bell G. The Churches and Monasteries of the Tur Abdin // Amida / Ed. by M. Van Berchem, J. Strjigowsky. Heidelberg: Carl Winters Universitätsbuchhandlung, 1910. P. 224-261.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bell G. The Churches and Monasteries of the Tur Abdin with introduction and notes by M. Munduell Mango. London: Pindar Press, 1982.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bell G. The Churches and Monasteries of the Tur Abdin with introduction and notes by M. Munduell Mango. London: Pindar Press, 1982.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Collart P., Vicaru J. Le sanctuaire de Baalshamin a Palmyre II. Topographie et architecture. Rome: Institut Suisse de Rome, 1969.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Collart P., Vicaru J. Le sanctuaire de Baalshamin a Palmyre II. Topographie et architecture. Rome: Institut Suisse de Rome, 1969.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fourdrin J.-P. Les églises à nef transversale d'Apamène et du Ṭûr ‘Abdîn // Syria. Vol. 62 (3-4), 1985. P. 319-335.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fourdrin J.-P. Les églises à nef transversale d'Apamène et du Ṭûr ‘Abdîn // Syria. Vol. 62 (3-4), 1985. P. 319-335.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Guyer S. Le rôle de la Syrie et de la Mésopotamie à l'époque byzantine // Syria. Vol. 14 (1), 1933. P. 56-70.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Guyer S. Le rôle de la Syrie et de la Mésopotamie à l'époque byzantine // Syria. Vol. 14 (1), 1933. P. 56-70.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Keser-Kayaalp E. The beth qadishe in the Late Antique monasteries of Northern Mesopotamia (South-Eastern Turkey) // Parole de l'Orient. 2010. No. 35. P. 325-348.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Keser-Kayaalp E. The beth qadishe in the Late Antique monasteries of Northern Mesopotamia (South-Eastern Turkey) // Parole de l'Orient. 2010. No. 35. P. 325-348.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Keser-Kayaalp K., Erdoğan N. The cathedral complex at Nisibis. Anatolian Studies. 2013. No. 63. P. 137-154.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Keser-Kayaalp K., Erdoğan N. The cathedral complex at Nisibis. Anatolian Studies. 2013. No. 63. P. 137-154.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Keser-Kayaalp E. Patronage of churches in the Late ancient northern Mesopotamia, AD 300-800 // Spaces / Times / People: patronage and architectural history / Ed. by C. Katipoğlu, E. Yavuz, B. Tabibi. Ankara: Orta Doğu Teknik Üniversitesi Mimarlık Fakültesi, 2016. P. 43-55.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Keser-Kayaalp E. Patronage of churches in the Late ancient northern Mesopotamia, AD 300-800 // Spaces / Times / People: patronage and architectural history / Ed. by C. Katipoğlu, E. Yavuz, B. Tabibi. Ankara: Orta Doğu Teknik Üniversitesi Mimarlık Fakültesi, 2016. P. 43-55.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Keser-Kayaalp E. Church building in the Tur Abdin in the centuries of Islamic Rule // Authority and control in the Countryside. Leiden/Boston: Brill, 2019. P. 176-209.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Keser-Kayaalp E. Church building in the Tur Abdin in the centuries of Islamic Rule // Authority and control in the Countryside. Leiden/Boston: Brill, 2019. P. 176-209.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Leroy J. L'état présent des monuments chrétiens du Sud-Est de la Turquie (Tur ʽAbdin et environs) // Comptes rendus des séances de l'Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres. 1968. Vol. 112 (4). P. 478- 493.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Leroy J. L'état présent des monuments chrétiens du Sud-Est de la Turquie (Tur ʽAbdin et environs) // Comptes rendus des séances de l'Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres. 1968. Vol. 112 (4). P. 478- 493.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mundell M. The sixth century sculpture of the monastery of Deir Zafaran in Mesopotamia // Actes du XVe Congrès International d'Études Byzantines. Vol. 2, Septembre, 1981. P. 511-528.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mundell M. The sixth century sculpture of the monastery of Deir Zafaran in Mesopotamia // Actes du XVe Congrès International d'Études Byzantines. Vol. 2, Septembre, 1981. P. 511-528.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Palmer А. Monk and Mason of the Tigris Frontier. The early history of Tur ʽAbdin. London / New York: Cambridge University Press, 1990.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Palmer А. Monk and Mason of the Tigris Frontier. The early history of Tur ʽAbdin. London / New York: Cambridge University Press, 1990.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Palmer A. La montagne aux LXX monastéres: la géographie monastique du Tur ʽAbdin // Le Monachisme Syriaque. Ed. by F. Jullien. Paris: Geuthner, 2010. P. 169- 259.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Palmer A. La montagne aux LXX monastéres: la géographie monastique du Tur ʽAbdin // Le Monachisme Syriaque. Ed. by F. Jullien. Paris: Geuthner, 2010. P. 169- 259.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sarre F., Herzfeld E. Archeologische Reise im Euphrat und Tigris Gebiet. Berlin: D. Reimer, 1911.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sarre F., Herzfeld E. Archeologische Reise im Euphrat und Tigris Gebiet. Berlin: D. Reimer, 1911.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sinclair T. Eastern Turkey: An architectural and archaeological survey. Vol. III, London: Pindar Press, 1989.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sinclair T. Eastern Turkey: An architectural and archaeological survey. Vol. III, London: Pindar Press, 1989.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vogüé M. Syrie central. Architecture civile et religieuse du Ier au VIIe siècle. Vol. 1-2. Paris: J. Baudry, 1865-1877.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vogüé M. Syrie central. Architecture civile et religieuse du Ier au VIIe siècle. Vol. 1-2. Paris: J. Baudry, 1865-1877.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
